The state of Bihar in India draws academic attention mostly for its backwardness. Given that there is very poor industrial base in the state, the majority of its inhabitants still are dependent of agricultural activities for their livelihood. In the near foreseeable future, in absence of any significant change in its economic structure, the growth dynamics of agricultural sector will keep influencing the overall growth of the state. Given this importance, the present paper attempts to understand the nature and character of agricultural growth in the state in the last six decades. This is done to identify some crucial patterns that may guide any possible intervention to ameliorate the agrarian stagnation. Change in cropping pattern, expanding reliable irrigation, and focus on rice yields appear to be holding key to future progress.